【禁聞】奧巴馬令貿易執法 解決美中失衡

【新唐人2012年3月1日訊】美國總統奧巴馬28號簽署了一項行政命令，宣佈美國將成立一個叫做「貿易執法中心的新部門，專門調查他國的不公平貿易行為，以確保包括中國在內的國家，遵守國際貿易規則。美國對中國的貿易赤字去年升到了2955億美元，奧巴馬答應要解決與中國的貿易失衡問題。

年初，奧巴馬在國情咨文演講中，將中國作為特別關注的重點。

而白宮國家經濟委員會主任斯珀林，2月13號，在有關預算案的吹風會上也表示，為創立公平的競爭環境，提高美國針對包括中國在內的世界各國貿易的訴訟能力，而成立「貿易執法中心」這個新機構。

這個跨多部門的貿易執法機構，與美國國務院、財政部、商務部、農業部、司法部、國土安全部、國家情報總監辦公室等部門，將協調在一起，執行任務。

奧巴馬表示，其他國家盜版我們的電影、音樂和軟件，這是不正常的。外國生產者由於獲得大量補貼，而比我們的生產者有優勢，這是不公平的。

同時，奧巴馬在向國會提交的2013財年預算案當中，還建議為這一機構撥款2600萬美元，僱傭至少50名員工。

奧巴馬還表示：「當競爭對手不守規則，我們不會袖手旁觀。我們對中國提出的貿易訴訟差不多是上屆政府的兩倍。」

美籍華裔作家章家敦（Gordon Chang）認為，不可避免的這個新的機構將著重於中國。他表示，將會看到很多新的針對北京的貿易案件。

美籍華裔律師作家章家敦：「很清楚中國沒有遵守ＷＴＯ的申請規則，同時也沒有遵守和美國的貿易協議，所以必須做一些甚麼。中國的國際貿易做法已經無法接受，所以無可避免，奧巴馬需要做些甚麼，來讓中國遵守協議。」

不過，《美國之音》報導，華盛頓主張自由貿易的研究機構「卡託研究所」，「斯蒂菲爾貿易政策研究中心」主任艾肯森認為，奧巴馬政府的這個舉動是受選舉政治驅使的。他說：「顯然，羅姆尼一直在發表相當刺耳的言論，這更促使歐巴馬總統對中國做出強硬表態。」

章家敦：「他當然受到很大的壓力，從美國企業界，還有從工會，所以的確有很多壓力迫使奧巴馬做出行動。這是他表現自己在行動的一個方式。但是未來會有更多的壓力，因為越來越多的人對於中國的貿易行為感到懊惱。」

章家敦分析，不僅僅是貿易，還有人權和各種各樣的政治事務，美國似乎沒有任何領域能和中國增加合作，以及改善關係。章家敦預計，美中關係會轉入低迷。

章家敦：「這當然會令兩國關係更加緊張。但是現在是時候奧巴馬開始提出這些問題了。他能專注於中國是好事。我想我們跟北京會有更困難的關係，但是這是必要的。因為中國顯示他們不想做一個負責任的貿易夥伴。」

章家敦認為，讓中共成為如此糟糕的貿易夥伴的原因，其實與他們在人權領域表現糟糕是一樣的。

章家敦年初在美國外交政策（Foreign Policy）雜誌發表文章說，10年前，他根據中國將加入世界貿易組織（WTO）開放市場推論：「中國即將崩潰」。但是，北京當局不負責任規避世貿法規，拒絕開放市場，國際社會卻一直對中共忍氣吞聲到今天。

此外，美國智庫——信息技術和創新基金會(The Information Technology & Innovation Foundation)28號也發表報告，指責中國操縱匯率、補貼、關稅、強迫技術轉讓、限製出口、設定標準和其他方式，讓中國公司在工業領域內獲得「絕對優勢」。

報告提議，一旦發現違反貿易規則的行徑損害了美國利益，美國貿易代表就應該提起訴訟。

新唐人記者秦雪、周平、郭敬採訪報導

Obama to Establish a Trade Law Enforcement Centre

The US President Barack Obama signed an order on 28th Feb,

to create an Interagency Trade Enforcement Centre (TEC).

TEC is to investigate unfair trade practices around the world,

Ensuring that China and others play by the rules.

The US trade deficit has soared to $295.5 billion in 2011,

Obama promised to solve the trade imbalance with China.

Early this year, Obama gave his state of the union address,

In his speech, he took particular aim at China.

White House economic advisor Gene Sperling said in a

budget meeting on 13th Feb, that in order to create a fair

and competitive environment, the US needs to improve

trade rights and monitor countries like China.

Hence the establishment of a new international TEC,

Sterling stressed.

TEC, a multi-agency will coordinate trade enforcement

issues for the US Department of State, Treasury,

Commerce, Agriculture, Justice, Homeland Security

as well as Intelligence Community.

Obama said US movies and software were frequently pirated.

By doing that, foreign producers gained many advantages over

local producers, which is unfair.

In his 2013 annual budget submitted to congress, Obama

proposed USD 26 million in funding the agency, employing at least 50 employees.

Obama said, when the competitors were not following

the rules, we couldn't stand-by idly,

our lawsuits against China almost doubled that

of the previous government.

US writer Gordon Chang holds that the new agency will focus

on China issues. There will be more lawsuits against Beijing.

Gordon Chang: English voice over

However, VOA reported, Daniel J. Ikenson, director of Herbert

A. Stiefel Center for Trade Policy Studies of the Cato

Institute holds that Obama's action was politically motivated.

He said: "Romney's harsh criticism, compelled Obama to show

a hard line against China."

Gordon Chang: English Voice over

Gordon Chang said, the US couldn't cooperate with China,

or improve the relationship, in trade, nor in human

rights or political affairs. He anticipated that the Sino-US

relationship would suffer a downturn.

Gordon Chang: English Voice over

Gordon Chang said, what makes China a poor trade partner

is the same reason why they can't improve their human rights.

Gordon Chang published an article on Foreign Policy,

10 years ago, when China was about to join the WTO, stating that China would collapse.

However, Beijing didn't follow the rules, refused to open

their market and the international community has tolerated this until now.

The US Information Technology & Innovation Foundation

also published a report on 28th Feb,

criticizing China for manipulating the currency exchange rate,

forcing technology transfer,

and other methods to ensure that Chinese companies

have an absolute advantage in the global market.

Reports suggested, once their behavior is found to harm

the US, and US trade representatives shall file a lawsuit.

NTD reporters Qin Xue, Zhou Ping and Guo Jing