【禁聞】中國核安全的隱憂

【新唐人2011年4月14日訊】日本原子力安全保安院4月12號，決定將福島第一核電站核洩漏事故的等級從5級提高到7級，引起全球震驚。中國作為世界上核電在建規模最大的國家，儘管大陸官方一再保證「核安全」，但民眾依舊議論不斷。下面就來看看專家如何解讀中國的「核安全」。

日本將福島核洩漏事故等級，從5級提高到7級，這已經是國際核能事故等級中的最高級別。與前蘇聯「切爾諾貝利核事故」「同級」。

目前旅居日本的、前中國環境保護部核與輻射安全中心研究員李旭彤博士，對比分析了中日雙方的核安全監管體制。他介紹說，這次核災難曝露了日本的監管機構、核安全保安院不夠獨立，所以無法及時、有效的保護國民生命安全，所以日本正考慮改革核安全監管體制。

李旭彤博士（前中國環境保護部核與輻射安全中心研究員）：「相對比，中國在核安全監管、監督機構上，更加不獨立，很多情況下，更會受到方方面面因素的影響。」

上世紀80年代，前蘇聯「切爾諾貝利核電站」爆炸，事故釋放的輻射物，相當於10個廣島原子彈，約有320萬人受到核輻射的侵害，核輻射進入雲層中，覆蓋了30個國家。

有專家指出，目前日本福島核電站放射性物質的泄漏，還沒有完全停止，擔心最終泄漏量，可能與「切爾諾貝利核事故」相當，甚至更多。

中共國家能源委員會專家諮詢委員會主任張國寶公開表示，不能因為日本出現核災難，而因噎廢食，影響中國核電發展。他說，只要技術先進，9級強震下，中國核電站是有安全保障的。不過，許多專家抱持懷疑的態度。

現年四十九歲的李旭彤博士，曾在國家環保總局核安全中心，擔任教授級研究員多年，發表過五十多篇學術論文，四次獲得國家部級、省級科研的進步獎。他指出，目前在中國核安全監管機構裡的工作人員，很多人沒有足夠的經驗使用國際先進技術，去監督核安。

李旭彤博士：「日本和一些其他核電發達國家，核安全監管機構，都有很多在研發、設計和運行經驗的人、有豐富經驗的人，來擔當核安全監督工作，中國現在這樣的人員很少，多數都是從學校出來做這種核安全監督工作，沒有經驗，很難形成真正的監督能力。」

有大陸媒體報導，中國從1984年開始起草的《原子能法》，到現在也沒有立法，也就是說，中國核安全方面至今「無法可依」。

作為研究核安全幾十年的專家，李旭彤博士指出，中國現在大力發展核電，不能不讓人擔心。

李旭彤博士：「中國在議定決定引進美國的第三代反應堆、壓水堆AP1000以後，又因為政治因素引入了法國第三代的EPR。中國目前正在運行的十二、三個反應堆的建造和引進，基本都基於政治因素的考慮，而不是僅僅基於技術和經濟因素。」

李旭彤博士擔心的是，將來中共當局是不是會為了政治因素，而犧牲核電的安全性，對中國老百姓造成傷害。

新唐人記者林平、趙心知、吳慧真採訪報導。

Worries On China』s Nuclear Safety

At the time when Japan authorities upgraded

Fukushima』s nuclear crisis level from 5 to 7,

despite the repeated nuclear safety announcements,

public comments roused increasingly in China

on the awareness of China being the largest

country with nuclear power plants in the making.

The level 7 of Japan』s nuclear crisis is the highest

in world』s nuclear crisis record, apart of Chernobyl.

Li Xu Tong, Nuclear and Radiation Safety Fellow,

reported from Japan that the disaster had shown

Japan had a less independent mechanism

in national nuclear safety which resulted

in the inefficiency of its relief efforts. Japan officials

were on their way to reform this safety system.

Li Xu Tong: “In comparison, China has seen

even less independence in its nuclear safety system,

and is vulnerable to many other external influences.”

The Chernobyl crisis of last century endangered

3.2 million people with nuclear radiation emission,

10 times higher than the Hiroshima atomic bomb,

covering some 30 countries with its radiation.

Specialists announced that radioactive substances

were still leaking. There is a concern that the overall

quantity might outnumber that of Chernobyl.

Chinese Communist Party (CCP) National Energy

Commission Chief Director Zhang Guoqiang

spoke openly that China would not suspend any

development of nuclear plants. He asserted

that any earthquake with a less than 9 magnitude

would not affect the nuclear plants,

provided the technology was high enough.

Li Xu Tong, was a Senior Fellow

at the Nuclear department of the National

Environmental Protection Centre. He published

some 50 academic papers, and was awarded 4 times

the National and Provincial Progress Award.

He said there is a lack of specialists qualified to use

advanced technology to supervise nuclear security.

Li Xu Tong: “Japan and other nuclear advanced

countries are on their way to train and employ

experienced staff for nuclear security supervision.

China is less so, and most are only school graduates

who are less capable of doing real work.”

According to a Mainland media report,

Chinese officials began drafting

an Atomic Energy Law in 1984,

but have not yet completed it.

Professor Li Xu Tong said that the current ongoing

nuclear plants development in China is a problem.

Li Xu Tong: “After employing the American

third-generation reactor and PWR, China continued

with the third-generation EPR from France

for political reasons. The real problem is,

the current development of the 12th and 13th reactors

in China are for political reasons,

not based on technology or economy.”

He expressed concerns that in the future

CCP will continue to ignore the nuclear plants safety

and will still pursue only its political goals.

NTD reporters Lin Ping, Zhao Xinzhi and Wu Huizhen